Analysis of the efficacy and safety of proton radiotherapy for primary hepatocellular carcinoma / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Objective:To study the efficacy, safety and prognostic factors affecting survival of proton radiation therapy for primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods:Forty-four patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma treated at Zibo Wanjie Cancer Hospital in Shandong Province from June 15, 2005 to September 12, 2018 were enrolled and given proton radiation therapy with a single dose of 2-5 Gy and a total dose of 25-75 Gy. The overall and local control rates, factors influencing survival, and adverse effects were observed during a follow-up period of 12 to 120 months.Results:The overall survival rates of all patients were 79.5% at 1 year, 68.2% at 2 years, 50.0% at 3 years, and 45.5% at 5 years. The overall local control rate was 95.5%. Patients older than 50 years had a longer overall survival (Log Rank Chi-Square of 4.787, P = 0.029). Child-Pugh A classification had better overall survival compared with B classification (Log Rank Chi-Square 4.077, P = 0.043). The main adverse reactions were skin reactions and gastrointestinal reactions. Among the patients with adverse reactions, 23 patients had skin reactions and 9 patients had mild gastrointestinal reactions, and no serious adverse events were found. Conclusions:Proton radiation therapy has good efficacy and high safety in patients with HCC. Age and Child-Pugh classification are prognostic factors affecting survival after proton radiation therapy.

Efficacy and safety of total aortic arch replacement in elderly patients with Stanford type A aortic dissection / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of total aortic arch replacement in elderly patients with Stanford type A aortic dissection(TAAD).Methods:In this retrospective study, a total of 481 TAAD patients treated with total arch replacement in our hospital from January 2016 to January 2020 were divided into three groups: aged≤59 years, 60-69 years and ≥70 years.The differences between three groups in surgical method, extracorporeal circulation time, blocking time, circulatory time, stopping time, surgical time, ventilator use time, ICU time, hospitalization time, treatment rate of continued renal replacement, fatality rate, and cause of death were statistically analyzed and compared.Results:There were statistically significant differences in the stopping time between any two groups of the three groups(all P<0.05). The older the age, the shorter the circulatory arrest time.The difference of ventilator time and ICU time between ≤59 and 60-69 years was statistically significant( P<0.01). Patients with continuous renal replacement(CRRT)were 19.0%(71/373)in ≤59 years, 23.1%(18/78)in 60~69 years, and 26.7%(8/30)over 70 years.In-hospital mortality was 35/373(9.4%)in the group of ≤59 years old, 11/78(14.1%)in the group of 60~69 years old, and 5/30(16.7%)in the group of ≥70 years old.There was no death in patients undergoing type Ⅱ hybrid surgery. Conclusions:Age is one of the important death factors after total aortic arch replacement in TAAD patients.Total aortic arch replacement is an acceptable surgical method for elderly patients with TAAD.Hybridization may reduce hospitalization death in elderly patients.

Clinical study of macular edema secondary to ischemic branch retinal vein occlusion treated by dual laser and single intravitreal injection with Conbercept / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To appraise the therapeutic effect of dual laser(micro-pulse laser and traditional laser)and single intravitreal injection with conberceptin on macular edema secondary to ischemic branch retinal vein occlusion.<p>METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted. 83 patients(83 eyes)participated in the study from November 2017 to November 2018. They were randomly divided into two groups. Group A(42 eyes)accepted the treatment of dual laser and single intravitreal injection with conbercept and group B(41 eyes)accepted only traditional laser treatment and single intravitreal injection with anti-VEGF, and the aim is to analysis the data including BCVA, CMT in follow-up visit after treatment 1, 3, 6mo.<p>RESULTS: After 1mo: in group A, BCVA improved from 0.88±0.11 to 0.43±0.19(<i>P</i><0.01), CMT changed from 595.00±61.12 to 379.8±76.08μm(<i>P</i><0.01). In group B, BCVA changed from 0.82±0.19 to 0.39±0.16(<i>P</i><0.01)while CMT changed from 601.70±81.37 to 381.50±70.92 μm(<i>P</i><0.01). There were no difference between two groups(<i>P</i>>0.05). After 3mo: in group A, BCVA raised to 0.13±0.07(<i>P</i><0.01), CMT reduced to 282.80±31.93μm(<i>P</i><0.01); in group B, BCVA hold on 0.41±0.09(<i>P</i>=1.00), CMT retained 395.80±34.53μm(<i>P</i>=0.99). The improvement of BCVA and CMT were better in group A(<i>P</i><0.01). After 6mo: in group A, BCVA maintained 0.28±0.12(<i>P</i><0.01), CMT keeped 335.60±33.98μm(<i>P</i>=0.02); in group B, BCVA rebounded to 0.77±0.15(<i>P</i><0.01), CMT was 579.60±19.61μm(<i>P</i><0.01). Both BCVA and CMT were better in group A than group B(<i>P</i><0.01). No serious complications happened in all phases.<p>CONCLUSION: The treatment of dual laser and single intravitreal injection with conbercept for macular edema secondary to ischemic branch retinal vein occlusion can maintain good effect more than 3mo.

Clinicopathological analysis of nine cases of hypopigmented mycosis fungoides / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To analyze clinical and pathological characteristics of 9 cases of hypopigmented mycosis fungoides (HMF) .Methods:Nine patients with clinically and histopathologically confirmed HMF were collected at Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital from 2014 to 2018, and their clinical and pathological manifestations and follow-up findings were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Among the 9 patients, there were 7 males and 2 females; the age ranged from 6 to 29 years (average, 12.4 years) ; the duration of disease varied from 6 months to 3 years (average, 20.7 months) . All skin lesions manifested as poorly demarcated, irregular, hypopigmented patches, some hypopigmented patches were confluent, and hypopigmented patches were covered with scales in 2 cases. Wood′s lamp examination of hypopigmented patches showed a grayish-white color with weak fluorescence. Dermoscopic images showed white scales on the lesions and blood vessels distributed in spermatozoa-like, punctiform or short linear patterns. Reflectance confocal microscopy showed mild hypopigmentation in the basal layer without obvious depigmentation, and highly-refractive atypical cells at the dermo-epidermal junction. Histopathological examination of the 9 cases showed epidermotropic phenomenon of atypical lymphocytes, and some cells clustered and formed Pautrier′s microabscess, immunohistochemical staining revealed that all the cells expressed T cell phenotypes, and were mainly infiltrating CD8 + T cells. The 9 patients were treated with narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) , and all of them achieved clinical complete response. During a follow-up of 23.8 months on average, 2 patients experienced recurrence, and they achieved clinical complete response again after NB-UVB treatment. Conclusions:HMF progresses slowly, and NB-UVB treatment is effective. There is the possibility of recurrence after clinical recovery in patients with HMF, and a long-term follow-up is needed.

Application of posterior scleral reinforcement in the treatment of retinal detachment due to macular hole with over-long axial length / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM:To evaluate the clinical effect of the auxiliary application of posterior scleral reinforcement(PSR)in the vitrectomy of macular hole retinal detachment with over-long axial length.<p>METHODS:A clinical randomized controlled trial was conducted. Patients of macular hole retinal detachment with over-long axial length ≥29mm were randomly divided into two groups. Group A accepted PSR + PPV + silicone oil injection, group B accepted PPV + silicone oil injection. After followed-up one year, the BCVA, the percentage of macular hole closure, cure rate of retinal detachment and reoperation rate were analyzed.<p>RESULTS:Totally 46 eyes were included in the study. The average BCVA of the two groups after treatment was improved. The BCVA of group A changed from 1.61±0.02 to 0.85±0.22(<i>t</i>=10.36, <i>P</i><0.01), and that of group B increased from 1.59±0.04 to 1.08±0.16(<i>t</i>=7.92, <i>P</i><0.01). The improvement of group A was greater than that of group B(<i>t</i>= -2.38, <i>P</i>=0.03). There was no significant change of the axial length before and after operation in both groups(<i>P</i>>0.05). In group A, the healing rate of macular hole was 91%(21/23), and the reoperation rate was 4%(1/23)before silicone oil removal. After silicone oil removal, no patients recurred to retinal detachment. During the follow-up period, silicone oil removal was completed in all eyes. In group B, the closure rate of macular hole was 65%(15/23), the rate of reoperation before silicone oil removal was 35%(8/23), the redetachment rate after silicone oil removal was 26%(6/23), and the rate of the silicone oil removal throughout the follow-up period was 74%(17/23).<p>CONCLUSION: PSR can effectively improve the successful rate of pathological myopic macular holes with retinal detachment and reduce the recurrence and reoperation.

Experience for 107 patients with acute type A aortic dissection involving coronary arteries / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To summarize the clinical feature and treatment experience of patients with acute type A aortic dissection involving coronary arteries. Methods    The clinical data of 107 patients with acute type A aortic dissection involving coronary arteries, who received operation between June 5, 2012 and December 31, 2019 in our hospital, were analyzed retrospectively. There were 80 males and 27 females at age of 24-83 (49.8±11.2) years. Results    The right coronary artery was involved in 65 patients, the left in 17 patients, and both coronary arteries in 25 patients. There were 48 (44.9%) patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, 49 (45.8%) patients undergoing coronary artery plasty. Fifteen patients died 30 d after the operation, with a mortality rate of 14.0%. Patients with preoperative cardiogenic shock and postoperative acute renal failure had increased risk of death (P<0.05). Eighty-two (88.2%) patients were followed up for 2 to 71 months, and 1 patient had sudden cardiac death during the follow-up period. Conclusion    Acute type A aortic dissection with coronary involvement is associated with high misdiagnosis rate and mortality rate. Taking proper strategies for surgical treatment of involved coronary arteries based on precise diagnosis may improve the prognosis of patients.

Analysis of chloroplast genome and its characteristics of medicinal plant Sophora flavescens / 药学学报

In order to explore the chloroplast genome characteristics of Sophora flavescens and the phylogenetic relationship of the genus, this study used high-throughput sequencing technology to sequence and functionally annotate the chloroplast genome of Sophora flavescens. The results showed that the full length 154 165 bp of Sophora flavescens chloroplast genome showed a typical four-stage structure. The chloroplast genome contains 123 genes, including 77 protein-coding genes, 38 tRNA genes and 8 rRNA genes. Sequence analysis revealed 104 SSR loci, most of which consisted of A and T. In addition, the chloroplast genome codon preference is weak, and the coding region is biased towards the use of A and T bases. A comparative analysis of two different regions of Sophora flavescens chloroplast genome revealed four differential genes. Based on the maximum likelihood method (ML) for phylogenetic analysis of Sophora flavescens and 16 other leguminous, it was found that the relationship between Sophora flavescens and the genus Sophora alopecuroides is the closest. This study provides an important theoretical basis for the genetic variation, breeding and phylogenetic analysis of Sophora flavescens, and has certain reference value.

Analysis of clinical effects of anterior segmental decompression for multi-segment cervical spondylotic myelopathy / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical effects of anterior segmental decompression for the treatment of multi-segment cervical spondylotic myelopathy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 84 patients with multi-segment cervical spondylotic myelopathy treated between August 2005 to March 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. According to different operative methods the patients were divided into control group and observation group, with 42 cases in each group. In the control group, including 26 males and 16 females, the age was (56.87±11.89) years old and course of disease was(7.91±3.71) years on average, the lesion segment occurred on C₃-C₆ of 36 cases and on C₄-C₇ of 6 cases. There were 24 males and 18 females in observation group, with the mean age of (54.58±12.56) years old, and the course of disease was(8.03±3.52) years, the lesion segment occurred on C₃-C₆ of 34 cases, and on C₄-C₇ of 8 cases. The patients in control group were treated with posterior laminoplasty, and the patients in observation group underwent anterior segmental decompression. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hospitalization time, bone graft fusion time and complication rate were observed between two groups. JOA scores and Cobb angle of fusion segment were compared before operation and 3, 6, 9 months after operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hospitalization time and complication rate in observation group were significantly lower than in control group(<0.05); the bone fusion time in observation group was significantly lower than in control group(<0.01);3, 6, 9 months after surgery, JOA score and the segment Cobb angle in observation group were significantly higher than in control group(<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Anterior segmental decompression for the treatment of multi-segment cervical spondylotic myelopathy has obvious advantages of less vertebral resection, thorough decompression, good stability, less postoperative complications, which can effectively promote the recovery of the spinal cord function and vertebral stability.</p>

Clinical efficacy of two different tricuspid annuloplasty techniques in left cardiac valve surgery

Objective: To investigate the mid-and long-term clinical effects of tricuspid valvuloplasty with the implantation of an artificial plastic ring. Methods: Data of 677 patients who had functional tricuspid regurgitation and left cardiac valve disease and underwent tricuspid valvuloplasty and left cardiac valve surgery were retrospectively. Among these patients, 353 underwent simple suture annuloplasty (group A) while the rest 324 patients underwent artificial plastic ring annuloplasty (group B). The two-year and more-than-two-year clinical and ultrasonocardiograph (UCG) follow-up data of the two groups were obtained and compared. Results: A total of 600 patients (88.6%) completed the long-term follow-up (more than two years). The two-year follow-up showed no significant difference in the incidence of mild tricuspid regurgitation between the two groups (82.2% vs. 92.7%, P=0.37). However, there were significantly more cases that developed into moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation in group A than in group B (17.8% vs. 7.3%, P=0.031). The long-term follow-up revealed that the recurrence rate of tricuspid regurgitation in group B was significantly lower than that in group A (11.0% vs. 25.0%, P=0.029), and the ratio of cases developing into moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation in group A was significantly higher than that in group B (28.9% vs. 9.9%, P=0.007). The comparison between the two intra-group time segments showed that the development of tricuspid regurgitation in group A was significantly increased (28.9% vs. 17.8%, P=0.022), but in group B it was relatively stable (9.9% vs. 7.3%, P=0.52). Conclusions: Artificial ring annuloplasty is associated with significantly less tricuspid regurgitation than simple suture annuloplasty.

Clinical efficacy of two different tricuspid annuloplasty techniques in left cardiac valve surgery

Objective:To investigate the mid-and long-term clinical effects of tricuspid valvuloplasty with the implantation of an artificial plastic ring.Methods:Data of 677 patients who had functional tricuspid regurgitation and left cardiac valve disease and underwent tricuspid valvuloplasty and left cardiac valve surgery were retrospectively. Among these patients, 353 underwent simple suture annuloplasty (group A) while the rest 324 patients underwent artificial plastic ring annuloplasty (group B). The two-year and more-than-two-year clinical and ultrasonocardiograph (UCG) follow-up data of the two groups were obtained and compared.Results:A total of 600 patients (88.6%) completed the long-term follow-up (more than two years). The two-year follow-up showed no significant difference in the incidence of mild tricuspid regurgitation between the two groups (82.2% vs. 92.7%, P=0.37). However, there were significantly more cases that developed into moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation in group A than in group B (17.8% vs. 7.3%, P=0.031). The long-term follow-up revealed that the recurrence rate of tricuspid regurgitation in group B was significantly lower than that in group A (11.0% vs. 25.0%, P=0.029), and the ratio of cases developing into moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation in group A was significantly higher than that in group B (28.9% vs. 9.9%, P=0.007). The comparison between the two intra-group time segments showed that the development of tricuspid regurgitation in group A was significantly increased (28.9% vs. 17.8%, P=0.022), but in group B it was relatively stable (9.9% vs. 7.3%, P=0.52).Conclusions:Artificial ring annuloplasty is associated with significantly less tricuspid regurgitation than simple suture annuloplasty.

Effect of MCUR1 on proliferation,cell cycle and apoptosis of K562 cells / 军事医学

Objective To investigate the effect of mitochondrial calcium uniporter(MCU)regulator 1(MCUR1)on proliferation,cell cycle and apoptosis of K562 cells and the possible molecular mechanism.Methods Recombinant plasmid vectors containing short hairpin RNAs(shRNAs)targeting MCUR1 were transfected into K562 cells,before the K562 cells stably expressing low MCUR1 were selected with G418.The expression of MCUR1 mRNA was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)assays.Western blotting(WB)assays were used to detect the expressions of MCUR1,P53,BAX and BCL2.The proliferation,cell cycle and apoptosis of K562 cells were detected by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assays and flow cytometry, respectively.Results The results of qRT-PCR and WB assays revealed that MCUR1 was stably down-regulated at mRNA and protein levels in the K562 cells transfected with shRNAs targeting MCUR1.Knockdown of MCUR1 significantly inhibited the cell proliferation, induced the cell apoptosis, but did not influence the cells cycle.Meanwhile, knockdown of MCUR1 increased the expression of P53 protein and the ratio of protein BAX/BCL2 in K562 cells.Conclusion MCUR1 promotes cell proliferation and inhibits cell apoptosis in K 562 cells.

Dynamic Wnt5a expression in murine hair follicle cycle and its inhibitory effects on follicular

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the dynamic expression of Wnt family member 5A (Wingless-type MMTV integration Wnt site family, member 5a) in murine hair cycle and its inhibitory effects on follicle in vivo.@*METHODS@#Situ hybridization in full-thickness skin was used to observe the change of mouse protein expression in different growth stages, and Ad-Wnt5a was injected after defeathering to observe the hair follicle growth in vivo.@*RESULTS@#The Wnt5a mRNA was expressed at birth, and was firstly increased then decreased along with the progress of the hair cycle. It reached the peak in advanced stage of growth cycle (P<0.05). Rhoa and β-catenin expression levels were significantly decreased in three groups. Rac2 expression was significantly up-regulated, and the expression level of Wnt5a, Shh and Frizzled2 was increased, but less significantly than group 2.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The expression of Wnt5a mRNA is consistent with change of murine follicle cycle, and has obvious inhibitory effects on the growth of hair follicle in vivo, indicating that it is antagonistic to Wnts pathway and interferes the growth of follicle together.

Study on plantaer pressure distribution of people walking with different backpack load / 生物医学工程学杂志

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different backpack load on the plantar pressure of people during walking. By using three-dimensional force platform system, we collected the ground reaction force data from 20 college students, who were carrying different loads on their backs, and then we transformed the data into a characteristic two-peak curve. Seven characteristic parameters on the curve were selected and analyzed by using statistical methods. The results indicated that the peak ground reaction forces increased as the loads increased. Furthermore, in consideration of different genders, the amount increased was different. For the male subjects, when backpack load reached 17% body weight, changes in ground reaction force began to take place until the backloads reached 20% body weight changes in ground reaction force induced a significant difference. Por the female subjects, changes in ground reaction force began to take place with loads up to 14% body weight and while it reached 15% body weight it induced a significant difference.

Study on hepatitis C virus genotypes in Yantai district, Shandong province / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To understand the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype distribution in Yantai district of Shandong province, and to explore whether the HCV genotypes was relevant to the injure of liver through the index of liver function.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using specific PCR primers to amplify the HCV RNA 5' UTR/NS5B,then PCR products were sequenced by genetic analyzer. The genotypes were identified by alignment to the GenBank reference sequences and construction the phylogenetic tree of 5' UTR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among 9 unpaid blood donors we detected two kinds of genotypes of 1b and 3a, respectively, 8 cases (88.9%) and 1 case (11.1%). Among 33 cases of hepatitis C patients we detected the 1b, 2a and 6a the three kinds of genotypes, respectively, 22 (66.7%), 10 (30.3%) and 1 (3.03%) cases. Subtype 1b is the advantage of popular genotype in HCV carriers from Yantai district, and the distribution of 1b was no significant difference in the different population (chi2 = 0.796, P = 0.373); The difference of indicator of liver damage in the different genotypes of subjects were significant (P < 0.05), the mean of ALT, AST of 2a-subtype carriers was significantly higher than the 1b-subtype population.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The genetic diversity of HCV in Shandong Yantai district was presented. The main genotypes were 1b-subtype, and 3a and 6a-subtype was detected firstly. The genotype of HCV were relevant to the liver damage indicators, 2a-subtype hepatitis C virus infection in the liver cells may play an important role in the disease process.</p>

Papular mycosis fungoides: a case report / 中华皮肤科杂志

A 27-year-old man presented with a 3-year history of persistent asymptomatic papules on the left chest and axirlary fossa. Multiple skin biopsies were performed and histopathology revealed mild acanthosis, extension of the dermal papilla, lichenoid lymphoid infiltrates in upper dermis. Some lymphoid cells migrated into the epidermis and formed Pautrier's microabscesses. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the infiltrating cells were positive for LCA, CD45RO, CD3, CD4 and CD8 (scattered), but negative for CD68 or CD30. Cutaneous laser confocal microscopy showed the shadow of scattered, oval or round, slightly refractive cells measuring 4-8 pm in diameter. A diagnosis of papular mycosis fungoides was made. The papules were softened with the lightening of lesional color after treatment with narrow-band ultraviolet B, topical fluticasone propionate cream and isotretinoin gel.

Functional polymorphism in exon 5 and variant haplotype of the interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 gene are associated with susceptibility to and severity of sepsis in the Chinese population / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) is believed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of sepsis. Recent studies have suggested that the IRAK1 functional genetic variant could affect the severity of sepsis in Caucasians. In this report, we have investigated whether polymorphisms at the IRAK1 gene are associated with the susceptibility to and severity of sepsis among the Chinese population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Haplotype-tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (htSNPs) were selected from the HapMap database. They were genotyped in 255 patients with sepsis and 260 control subjects by PCR/restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. The association between the selected htSNPs and the susceptibility to and severity of sepsis were estimated by Logistic regression with adjustments for age, sex, smoking, drinking, chronic disease status, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score and primary diseases.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>rs1059702 was selected to represent the six linked htSNPs for IRAK1. Genotype frequencies of the htSNPs were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for females, as were allele frequencies for both sex groups. Associations were observed in females between the htSNPs C/C genotype and increased susceptibility to sepsis (odds ratio (OR), 5.46; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.12 - 26.67; P = 0.018), and such associations were also observed between the IRAK1 variant haplotype (CC/C-allele) and increased susceptibility to sepsis (OR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.05 - 2.70; P = 0.031) when compared with the T/T + T/C genotype and the wild-type haplotype (TC + TT/T-allele). In the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) subgroup, the variant haplotype was also associated with increased severity of sepsis (OR, 2.37; 95% CI, 1.13 - 4.94; P = 0.02) when compared with the wild haplotype. This association was not significant in male patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The functional polymorphism in exon 5 and the variant haplotype of IRAK1 gene mediate susceptibility to and severity of sepsis. IRAK1 might be a genetic risk factor for the occurrence and development of sepsis in the Chinese population.</p>

TRAF6 polymorphisms not associated with the susceptibility to and severity of sepsis in a Chinese population / 世界急诊医学杂志（英文）

@#BACKGROUND: The tumor necrosis factor recepter associated factor (TRAF) 6 is an important intracellular adapter protein that plays a pivotal role in activating multiple inflammatory and immune related processes induced by cytokines. TRAF6 represents a strong candidate susceptibility factor for sepsis. We investigated whether polymorphisms at the TRAF6 gene are associated with the susceptibility to and severity of sepsis. METHODS: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted with 255 patients with sepsis and 260 controls who were recruited from Zhengzhou, China. Haplotype tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (htSNPs) were selected from the HapMap database and genotyped using the SNPstream genotyping platform. The associations with the susceptibility and disease severity of sepsis were estimated by logistic regression, and adjusted for age, sex, smoking, drinking, chronic diseases status, APACHEII score and critical illness status. RESULTS: A total of 13 TRAF6 SNPs were tagged by 7 htSNPs. Five htSNPs (rs5030490, rs5030411, rs5030416, rs5030445 and rs3740961) were genotyped in the case control study. Genotype frequencies of the htSNPs were conformed to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in both patients and controls. No significant association was found between the 5 htSNPs and the susceptibility to and severity of sepsis. Compared with the main haplotype -11120A/-10688T/-9423A/805G/12967G, no certain haplotype was associated with the significantly susceptibility to or severity of sepsis. CONCLUSION: TRAF6 gene polymorphisms might not play a major role in mediating the susceptibility to and severity of sepsis in the Chinese population. A larger population-based case-control study is warranted.

Association of the T1270533G polymorphism in GSTM1 gene coding region with susceptibility to nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a Chinese population / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the association of T1270533G polymorphism in the glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) gene with the susceptibility to nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and clinical phenotype of NPC in Chinese population. METHDOS: The genomic DNAs were obtained from 27 Chinese subjects, and the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in all the exons and relevant intron-exon boundaries of GSTM1 were determined by PCR and direct sequencing. A case-control study was performed to analyze the SNP site T1270533G (the rare allele frequency is 22.2% in Chinese population) in the coding region by means of tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) and sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Sequence analysis identified 29 SNPs in GSTM1 gene, among which 13 SNPs presented high linkage disequilibrium with each other. No obvious relations were found between the variation in the coding region T1270533G and the clinical phenotype of NPC (RR=0.170, 95% CI =0.95-0.306 for TT homozygotes).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The missense mutation in the coding region T1270533G of GSTM1 gene that causes an amino acid change does not affect the detoxification function of GSTM1, and the T1270533G polymorphism does not have apparent relations to NPC susceptibility in Chinese subjects in Guangdong Province.</p>

Study on single nucleotide polymorphism of TLR4 in Chinese population / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify the single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) in the regulatory and coding regions of human Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4) gene and to search for its new genetic makers.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The 5' flank region, exons, parts of the introns, as well as 3' flank region of TLR4 gene were sequenced to identify and characterize the SNPs in Chinese population. SNP genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism for 2 highly distributed SNPs.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Five novel SNPs were identified through a 4.98 kb sequencing of TLR4 gene. Among them, three were in 5'flank region, two in 3'UTR. In the sample of Han population from Chongqing, the minor allele frequencies of two highly distributed SNPs were 0.266 and 0.404 respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Sampling analysis in Han population of Chongqing showed that the two highly distributed SNPs of TLR4 were common in Chinese population and could be used for genetic marker of TLR4 gene.</p>

Analysis of part of M gene and genotyping for M segment of hantavirus detected from HFRS patients' sera in Qingdao region during 2000 - 2003 / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the molecular epidemiological characteristics of hantavirus seen during 2000-2003 in Qingdao region of Shandong province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sera were collected from 64 patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and viral RNA was extracted from the sera. HTN and SEO universal primers were designed as outer primers and HTN and SEO specific primers as inner primers. G1 gene region of M segment from hantavirus was amplified by using RT-nest-PCR for sequencing. The data of nucleotide sequences were analyzed by DNA star software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Six cases were positive by HTN specific primer of total cases (9%); 25 of 64 cases by SEO specific primer (39%); total positive rate was 48%. In general, SEO type was a prevalent type of hantavirus in Qingdao region. The variation of the nucleotide sequences among SEO viruses (nucleotide sequence divergence ranged from 0.3% approximately 8.9%) was lower than that among HTN type (nucleotide sequence divergence ranged from 2.6% approximately 11.2% ).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Majority of hantavirus found in Qingdao region belonged to SEO type and still a few strains belonged to HTN type. Most of the HTN viruses were detected in Jiaonan county.</p>